C2PA Technical Specification, version 2.3How manifests, assertions, credentials, signing and validation can carry a content history signal across compatible tools.
It is the primary technical source for provenance infrastructure and clarifies that provenance is not the same as truth.
Developers, media professionals, investigators and policy learners.
Use selected diagrams and concepts with a non-technical explainer; distinguish absence of credentials, invalid credentials and false or incomplete claims.
01Claim
02Source
03Scope
04Review
How manifests, assertions, credentials, signing and validation can carry a content history signal across compatible tools.
Fit and purpose
Why the resource is here and what to know before beginning.
Why selected
It is the primary technical source for provenance infrastructure and clarifies that provenance is not the same as truth.
Suitable for
Developers, media professionals, investigators and policy learners.
Prerequisites
Knowledge of digital signatures, metadata and media pipelines is helpful.
Use and access
How to plan the time, access, and practical requirements.
How to use it
Use selected diagrams and concepts with a non-technical explainer; distinguish absence of credentials, invalid credentials and false or incomplete claims.
Language
English.
Access
The specification PDF is publicly accessible without an account.
Accessibility
The large PDF’s tagged structure, tables, code blocks and reading order were not assistive-technology tested.
Interpretation and permissions
What frames the perspective, reuse, and the claims we make about it.
Perspective
Industry-consortium interoperability and security perspective.
Rights
Specification content is stated as CC BY 4.0 with exclusions; preserve attribution and inspect notices before reuse.
Strengths
Primary normative source
Makes the limits of provenance systems technically inspectable
Limitations
Technically dense and unsuitable as a standalone beginner resource
Valid provenance does not prove that represented events are true
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